The first requirement focuses on log creation. You need to maintain detailed records of user actions on your systems. These logs should be comprehensive enough to enable monitoring, analysis, and reporting of any unauthorized activity. This may include login attempts, file access, and system configuration changes.
Next, NIST 800-171 emphasizes user accountability. Logs must be detailed enough to trace actions back to specific users. This is achieved through strong user authentication mechanisms that link actions to unique identifiers. Unattributed actions make it difficult to pinpoint responsibility and hinder investigations.
Finally, the standard focuses on maintaining the integrity and usability of your audit logs. Regular log review ensures their accuracy and helps identify any anomalies. Additionally, mechanisms should be in place to alert you of any failures within the logging process itself. This ensures you have a reliable record of user activity for security purposes.
